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| The use of natural caves, cave digging, cave-half developed into a ground-based architecture, this trilogy with the wood structure at the same time parallel to the nest. The first is to start from the use of natural caves, a short process, and then excavated soil points, rising from the earth point for the semi-cave cave rose by half on the ground floor to become housing. Zhoukoudian in Beijing, Shanxi Yuanqu, Shaoguan, Guangdong, Hubei Changyang, Guangxi Liujiang other places, have found a few million years BC, several hundred thousand years ago our ancestors lived in caves. Better preservation of which, during and after the first scientific excavation of the Beijing Zhoukoudian in Fangshan Peking Man lived in the cave sites, dating back more than 50 years of history. By the late primitive society, tools to improve, there has been sharp optical flat grinding stone, and agricultural production has been budding, humanity has entered a relatively settled in the Neolithic Age. Simple to use, and processing of natural caves have been unable to meet the requirements of human habitation, so the Yellow River Basin in China and is suitable for digging holes in the loess zone, people started digging a cave to live in a wide range. Subsequently developed into a half in the ground, half on the ground semi-cave, and finally completely out of the ground, rose to the surface, an increase of walls, columns andimproved the structure of the ground integrity of buildings will arise. Wood from the structure for the nest, cave wild Department construction ground to a housing development, after several hundreds of thousands of long years. Our ancestors do not know how much to pay for their hard work and wisdom. Today, it seems, that the original housing is very simple, but they are in the construction history of the development of the value is very significant. Without this long history of development, it is impossible in today39s emerging high-rise buildings. Second, the growing development of construction technology, building an increasingly gorgeous ago in about the late pre-primitive society, with the development of social productive forces, the construction scale, construction technology improved, the type of construction also increased, there has been public buildings the big house , the original villages, defense engineering, etc. Tao. At the same time, with the surplus of social production, a small number of people occupy a great deal of surplus labor, primitive society to class society gradually transformed. The major social transformation, but also led to changes in construction, public buildings of the primitive commune big house to the rulers of the gradual evolution of the palace halls, the new fortified castles began to appear, a large number of skilled construction technology and louis vuitton bag art began to focus on minority up the master39s works. From the beginning of the 21st century BC, China established the first national slavery - Xia, into the slave-owning society. Before and after the 5th century BC, the collapse of the slave society, about the 1500 experience, six centuries of time. In that time more than a thousand years in construction technology and the arts have been a leap of development, China is basically completed the construction of the unique architectural style of architecture and art. Slave society and art construction technology has been unprecedented because of the tremendous development, the first is due to the development of social productive forces, his master class to focus on social wealth themselves to building their own wall, palaces, such as. At the same time his master was also able to focus on building a large number of artisans, specializing in construction work, building technology and art to make rapid improvement. To the slave society of the latter also appeared in the title of a famous ancestor of the Civil Engineering Luban craftsmen, legend he had created a lot of delicate artifacts, he made a wooden kite flew up into the sky until 3 days 3 nights back to the ground. Other scientific and technological progress, the construction also played a huge role in promoting. First of all, Bronze alloy smelting technology to produce a tough sharp knives, axes, saws, cutting tools for the production of wood structural members provided favorable conditions. , must facilitate their device requirement had been met. There are regulations, moment, the level of the application of the compass and other equipment for the construction of precision surveying, construction played a key role. In building materials, the Western Zhou Dynasty, Spring and Autumn Period there was a large brick and tile, with the use of civil materials together to make buildings more durable spectacular. The building also used gold copper gold-plate and jade as decorative, walls, columns at the use of a beautiful decoration, and painted a painting. A magnificent building unprecedented. Slave society in the construction period to highlight the types of cities and palaces. The emergence of the city is a symbol of primitive society into the slave society. Summer has documented the history of IMC, that is, there are many fortified castle. Henan Dengfeng Xia found a site on behalf of the castle, has been the wall louis vuitton handbags and into the water pipeline facilities, although the scale is not, but constitutes a city has been taking shape. Zhengzhou city, the Yin Ruins in Anyang are all larger Wang. Western Zhou Xi39an, site-ho, Shandong louis vuitton Qufu of Shandong gucheng, Qi Linzi surviving sites and other big cities. Literature is also rich in the Spring and Autumn Period of the book, Kao Gong Ji recorded the first king of all the planning mode, which has been the impact of two thousand years of ancient patterns of urban planning. Guanzi articles on proposed because of the terrain are planning to carry out the theory of Wang are also always popular. This is the history of ancient China the importance of urban planning literature. Wang Palace as the core of the city, and its construction techniques and art of course is the most magnificent in the historical records and sites have a wealth of relics. This period, more tall buildings in order to majestic, but also the prevalence of high culture, that is, in palaces, pavilions, the use of land fromhuge high-profile. This approach has spread to the Warring States Period, Qin, Han. Third, improve the skills of the feudal society, the construction From the fifth century BC to the nineteenth century, China has been more than a dozen major feudal dynasty, which lasted more than two thousand years. During this long period of feudal society, the construction technology and the arts are constantly developing. Hill is a feudal emperors and the exploitation of great wealth concentrated in their capital, the palace,,, garden, cemetery, temples, the Royal Palace and other Royalto do engineering and construction. At the same time all over the country and Fusion Tai Jia officials and civil society to raise funds to build a number of,, temples, houses, gardens, bridges, weirs, etc. dam construction and public construction projects. They are craftsmen and working people in ancient wisdom smart. This period is the history of the development of China39s ancient architecture of the most important stage, the main achievements in the following areas. 1. Types of gradually building a rich With the development of society, people are building more and more diverse needs. Political, economic, military, culture, religion, science, transport and other construction needs to meet its requirements. Ancient craftsmen played a wisdom, according to the needs of different structures in various ways to different art forms, successfully completed its historical mission. To highlight a few here in this never before the emergence of new architectural forms. For example, the construction of the templeConfucian Temple, Xue Gong, College, is a product of Confucian thought. In the mid-and late feudal society, from the capital, each county, state, government or the Confucian Temple and the Temple are in line with the palace school School, examination of such buildings. These buildings have their own special layout and form. Another example of religious architecture, is not in the past, the introduction of Buddhism from the Eastern Han Dynasty, Tang Dynasty into Islam, Christianity introduced to the Ming and Qing Dynasties after a Buddhist temple in succession, temple caves, towers, mosques Bunker House, louis vuitton scarf Church, etc. different forms, different structure and different styles of architecture. It is worth noting that some buildings were initially imported from abroad, which, once a combination of traditional Chinese culture, after building craftsmen to create the process, they have a new Chinese style, a new form, the tower is one of the most prominent work. The existing old buildings, such external effects of new types of accounts for a great number. Also in this period of urban flood control works with many new developments and new creation, the Great Wall is one prominent example. Other types of structures such as residential, as well as the imperial palace gardens,, form the structure of the mausoleum are evolving with the times and get the innovation and development. 2. Construction techniques and the further development of building materials China39s ancient architecture of the early technology, mainly to deal with wood and soil materials. With the construction type of the rich and the need for construction purposes, a brick, stone and copper, iron, lime and other building materials, building structure so that there had been a significant development. Tile system of this period do a great development, high quality, even more than today. Qin brick and Han tile in modern times has become an important heritage item. Lintong hill of the First Qin Emperor in Shaanxi Province unearthed bricks and pottery figurines of the article, reflecting the production technology at that time had reached a fairly high level. The resulting structure of the arch. Han has developed from the brick arch and stack Shibuya structure, by the three countries, the Southern and Northern Dynasties have reached very high levels. Zhengguang the first year of the Northern Wei Dynasty 520 years builtTemple Pagoda in Dengfeng in Henan Province, and its exquisite masonry technology is astonishing. Hampyeong four years the Northern Song Dynasty 100 years built Dingxian Hebeitower as high as 84 meters, the highest for the old buildings. Ming and Qing period, Hall beamless wood structure construction is a new form of creation, preservation is still a lot of the kind beamless Hall. The main stone used in louis vuitton logo building bridges, urban flood control, dams and infrastructure engineering. Copper-iron buildings and technological progress with the metallurgical appear. Wudangshan Jinding Yuan, Mingperiod, a significant pass Temple Mount, Bronze Tower, HubeiDangyang Tower, etc., have shown a high level of construction and metallurgical Wood technology, is a major achievement during this period is to create outstanding architectural history. This period of high flying Court, countless. In the long-term practice, the ancient architecture of craftsmen are constantly sum up experience and to create a build, | ||
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